出版社：Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Contemporânea do Brasil
摘要：An examination of Halbwachs' works reveals the influence of Durkheim: memory is seen as a social phenomenon. The concept of collective memory is elaborated in contrast to the concept of individual memory and of history; the importance of the individual is then re-introduced upon considering individual memory as a point of view of collective memory. Associated to the ideas of tradition, collective consciousness, social identity, and history as experienced, the concept of collective memory affords space for elaborating the social process. Based on Halbwach's work, the question of collective and individual memory was approached from two research angles. First, the construction of representations of family life as identified in the discourse of Rio de Janeiro middle-class grandparents was studied. Based on the results of this research, family photo albums were used to analyze the paths of families and individuals. The dynamic character of collective memory and the importance of the individual in Halbwachs' works aided in analyzing the testimonies of those interviewed. In recounting the stories of their lives, these individuals provide a version of their group's history. Their versions of family history are perceived as reinterpretations elaborated with the passage of time and dependent upon the social place occupied by the narrators at the time that they reexamine these memories. Through the eyes of the present, these grandparents narrate the history of their family life, revealing themes of social changes and transformations. Their testimonies are an analysis of these changes and an effort to construct a family model wherein they themselves - as well as those have entitled "guardians" of the family memory archive - have a role as mediators between generations and as transmitters of the social value assigned the family.
其他摘要：An examination of Halbwachs' works reveals the influence of Durkheim: memory is seen as a social phenomenon. The concept of collective memory is elaborated in contrast to the concept of individual memory and of history; the importance of the individual is then re-introduced upon considering individual memory as a point of view of collective memory. Associated to the ideas of tradition, collective consciousness, social identity, and history as experienced, the concept of collective memory affords space for elaborating the social process. Based on Halbwach's work, the question of collective and individual memory was approached from two research angles. First, the construction of representations of family life as identified in the discourse of Rio de Janeiro middle-class grandparents was studied. Based on the results of this research, family photo albums were used to analyze the paths of families and individuals. The dynamic character of collective memory and the importance of the individual in Halbwachs' works aided in analyzing the testimonies of those interviewed. In recounting the stories of their lives, these individuals provide a version of their group's history. Their versions of family history are perceived as reinterpretations elaborated with the passage of time and dependent upon the social place occupied by the narrators at the time that they reexamine these memories. Through the eyes of the present, these grandparents narrate the history of their family life, revealing themes of social changes and transformations. Their testimonies are an analysis of these changes and an effort to construct a family model wherein they themselves - as well as those have entitled "guardians" of the family memory archive - have a role as mediators between generations and as transmitters of the social value assigned the family.
