摘要：In this issue, we present four papers that discuss competitions in architecture and urban design. The papers were initially presented at the International conference Architecture as Human Interface in Helsinki, 26-27 October 2012. The conference was organised by the Finnish Association of Architects, together with the departments of architecture at the Aalto University, Oulu University and Tampere University of Technology in Finland, the Department of Construction at Novia University of Applied Sciences, Finland and KTH/Architecture, Sweden. Kimmo Lapintie, Professor at Aalto University, closed the conference, and summarised it by the formulation of a four-point statement, The Helsinki declaration on Architectural Research. The declaration forwards creativity and criticism as the fundaments for architectural research.
其他摘要：In this issue, we present four papers that discuss competitions in architecture and urban design. The papers were initially presented at the International conference Architecture as Human Interface in Helsinki, 26-27 October 2012. The conference was organised by the Finnish Association of Architects, together with the departments of architecture at the Aalto University, Oulu University and Tampere University of Technology in Finland, the Department of Construction at Novia University of Applied Sciences, Finland and KTH/Architecture, Sweden. Kimmo Lapintie, Professor at Aalto University, closed the conference, and summarised it by the formulation of a four-point statement, The Helsinki declaration on Architectural Research. The declaration forwards creativity and criticism as the fundaments for architectural research.
关键词：Architectural competitions, competing in architecture, urban design
