摘要：Continuum constitutive descriptions of plasticity suitable for finite element simulations of sheet forming processes are succinctly discussed in this presentation. Although multi-scale approaches allow for a more explicit representation of the physical deformation mechanisms occurring at microscopic scales, they are usually not suitable for industrial applications because of the quick turnaround time needed for process design simulations. Therefore, advances in classical concepts such as plastic anisotropy and strain hardening are still very much in demand. Actual forming simulation examples conducted for the steel industry are presented for illustration purposes.
