摘要：This paper investigates the existence and direction of Granger causality between energy consumption ， economic growth and foreign direct investment in China, applying a multivariate VAR model of energy use, economic growth, carbon emissions based on data for Shanghai over the period 1985–2010.The result suggests a unidirectional Granger causality running from GDP to energy use and foreign direct investment, and a unidirectional Granger causality running from energy consumption to FDI. Further analysis reveals that the increase in foreign direct investment has good energy saving effect. So, to achieve the sustainable development of the economy, Shanghai should develop effective policies of guiding the internal and external capital flows, technological innovation, industrial structure optimization to achieve energy saving and sustainable economic growth.
关键词：energy consumption;economic growth;foreign direct investment
