出版社：Canadian Academy of Oriental and Occidental Culture
摘要：A cybernetic model of assessment and learning is proposed. The basic proposition is that all assessment could be viewed as formative in learning, which has two implications: 1) assessment is a complex subsystem of learning, which is also a complex system by itself, as articulated in cybernetics; 2) this assessment subsystem has a formative nature in that regardless of its forms and approaches, it controls or regulates the learner’s learning by influencing his/her decision-making in learn recognition of assessment as a controlling or modeling system in learning may also help clarify the relationships between assessment and other subsystems in learning.
关键词：Assessment; Formative; Cybernetics; Control system; China’s EFL teaching and learning
