标题：La entrevista motivacional como intervención de enfermería para promover el autocuidado en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca en una institución de cuarto nivel en Bogotá, Colombia
期刊名称：Investigación en Enfermería: Imagen y Desarrollo
印刷版ISSN：2027-128X
出版年度：2013
卷号：15
期号：1
页码：31-49
语种：Portuguese
出版社：Pontificia Universidad Javeriana - Facultad de Enfermería
摘要：Mediante un estudio cuasiexperimental se buscó determinar si la entrevista motivacional como intervención de enfermería es efectiva para promover el autocuidado en los pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca de un hospital de cuarto nivel de Bogotá entre enero y mayo del 2012. Con una muestra de 21 pacientes a quienes se les realizaron dos mediciones del autocuidado, una basal y otra posterior a la implementación de la entrevista motivacional y el seguimiento telefónico (realizado 15 días después de la primera medición), se determinó si existió o no mejoría, utilizando como instrumento la Escala Europea de Autocuidado (EEA), la cual considera tres categorías: cumplimiento del régimen terapéutico, capacidad de adaptación a la enfermedad y búsqueda de ayuda ante la exacerbación de los síntomas. Al emplear la prueba no paramétrica del signo que está centrada en la mediana, se obtuvo una probabilidad de 0,0207 (menor que 0,05), por lo que se infiere que la entrevista motivacional como intervención de enfermería es efectiva. De acuerdo con los tres parámetros de la EEA, se evidenció un aumento global en el autocuidado, de medio a alto. La entrevista motivacional logró que los participantes del estudio realizaran actividades que favorecieran el autocuidado, lo que permitió que ellos mismos reconocieran qué era benéfico para su salud o qué no. ABSTRACT By way of a quasi-experimental study it was attempted to determine whether motivational interviews as a nursing intervention were effective in promoting self-care amongst patients with heart failure in a fourth-level hospital in Bogotá, between January and May 2012. Two self-care assessments, a base one and a later one after the implementation of motivational interviews and telephone monitoring (15 days after the first assessment) were carried out among a sample of 21 patients. The degree of improvement was then calculated according to the European Heart Failure Self-Care Behaviour Scale (EHFScBS), which considers three categories: compliance with the therapeutic regimen, capability of adaptation to the disease and looking for help when symptoms aggravate. Applying the non-parametrical signed-rank test, which is centred in the median, we obtained a probability of 0.0207 (less than 0.05), and it is thus to be inferred that the motivational interview as a nursing intervention is effective. According to the EHFScBS’ three parameters, a general increase in self-care was observed, from medium to high. Motivational interviews brought the participants to implement activities that favour self-care, which allowed them to determine by themselves what was or was not beneficial to their health.
其他摘要：By way of a quasi-experimental study it was attempted to determine whether motivational interviews as a nursing intervention were effective in promoting self-care amongst patients with heart failure in a fourth-level hospital in Bogotá, between January and May 2012. Two self-care assessments, a base one and a later one after the implementation of motivational interviews and telephone monitoring (15 days after the first assessment) were carried out among a sample of 21 patients. The degree of improvement was then calculated according to the European Heart Failure Self-Care Behaviour Scale (EHFScBS), which considers three categories: compliance with the therapeutic regimen, capability of adaptation to the disease and looking for help when symptoms aggravate. Applying the non-parametrical signed-rank test, which is centred in the median, we obtained a probability of 0.0207 (less than 0.05), and it is thus to be inferred that the motivational interview as a nursing intervention is effective. According to the EHFScBS’ three parameters, a general increase in self-care was observed, from medium to high. Motivational interviews brought the participants to implement activities that favour self-care, which allowed them to determine by themselves what was or was not beneficial to their health.
关键词：Efectividad;entrevista motivacional;intervención de enfermería;autocuidado;insuficiencia cardiaca;autocuidado en salud;adaptación
