摘要：Due to enhanced economic activities and rapid urbanization, waste generation has increased dramatically in the last few decades. Municipal solid waste management (MSWM) is a challenging problem for developing countries. India produces 42.0 million tons of municipal solid waste annually at present. Annual increase in overall quantity of solid waste is assessed at about 5% and nearly three-fourths of the waste is generated in urban areas. MSW amount is expected to increase significantly in the near future as the country strives to attain an industrialized nation status by the year 2020. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generation in Mumbai is highest being 5,355 (tpd) followed by Delhi and Kolkata being 4000 and 3692 (tpd) respectively. When solid waste is disposed off on land in open dumps or in improperly designed landfills (e.g., in low lying areas), it causes an adverse impact on the environment, such as ground water contamination, generation of inflammable gases, acidity to surrounding soil, release of green house gases etc. The paper discusses the environmental impacts of improper solid waste management, structure and sources of MSW generation and regulations and also deals with the technical details of waste processing method. A brief description of MSW management problem and present scenario in India is also included in the paper, along with health hazards and impact on Environment.
关键词：Urbanization; Municipal solid waste; Solid waste management
