摘要：World literature has a double edge. On the one hand, it is a matter of turning the eyes of a local literature and culture toward the world at large; on the other hand, it catches the literatures of other cultures and continents with the local radar. In this article, I will turn the radar toward Australia in an attempt to see the literatures of that continent in a world literature perspective. Australia is both an old colony and a modern nation state which, at the same time, embraces a whole continent, scarcely populated on most of its territory, densely populated in its urban areas, with indigenous first nation peoples with the longest unbroken history on Earth and with an increasing influx of migrants. The complexity of modernity and prehistorical reality, of postcolonial conditions and realities of migration makes Australia a complex continent. This complexity has been understood under various headings in the about one hundred years since 1901 of independent Australia, and these differences have influenced questions of individual and collective identity and belonging, questions which have been crucial for Australian literature. Among the writers will be Patrick White (Australian native), Mudrooroo (Aboriginal origin), Richard Flanagan (Australian native – from Tasmania) and Christof Tsiolkas (Greek origin).中文摘要本文认为世界文学是一把双刃剑，一则它让当地文学文化的目光投向世界，再则它又利用当地雷达般的敏锐性探测捕捉其他文化与大陆的文学。在本文中，作者将“雷达”投向澳大利亚文学，在世界文学视角下来审视该区域文学。澳大利亚既是古老的殖民地，又是一个现代化国家，并且其国土覆盖整个大陆地区。虽然其大部分领地人烟稀少，但是城市却人口密集。在这儿最早建立国家的原住民拥有世界上最悠久的、不间断的历史。现在，来自不同地区的移民不断涌入这个国度。现代性与史前现实、后殖民形势与移民现实的复杂性让澳大利亚成为一个杂糅的大陆。这一复杂性自1901年澳大利亚独立以来，被赋予不同的名称与阐释，而其中的差异影响着个人与集体的身份和归属问题。这些问题在澳大利亚文学中至关重要。涉及这些问题的作家包括澳大利亚联邦本土人帕特里克·怀特、原住民马都鲁、来自塔斯马尼亚州的联邦本土人理查德·佛拉纳根以及希腊籍克里斯托夫·齐奥尔卡斯等。本文对此进行了专论。
