The paper topic is identification of medical instruments and equipment using the images preserved in Serbian medieval painting. This topic has not been the subject of special study in the Serbian science. Medical instruments and equipment make an integral part of iconography of saint physicians. The following medical instruments have been displayed: knives, probes, spoons, tweezers, as well as various carrying boxes for equipment (square-like and cylindrical) and cases, and glass vessels for medical lubricants. Identification has been carried out owing primarily to late Roman remains of medical instruments and equipment, while such remains originating from Byzantine period are very rare. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 178018: Društvene krize i savremena srpska književnost i kultura: nacionalni, regionalni, evropski i globalni okvir]