摘要：Lopes RF, Osiecki R, Rama LMPL. Biochemical Markers During and After an Olympic Triathlon Race. JEPonline 2011;14(4):87-96. Blood biomarkers have been widely used in sports, particularly in the sports with high metabolic activity and strenuous muscular adaptation. The Olympic triathlon can create muscle damage, immune system alterations, and metabolic changes. The purpose of this study was to examine plasma levels of some muscle enzymes, and some metabolites concentrations after each stage and 1 hr after the race. Twelve male triathletes (mean ± SE age 27.9 ± 1.73 yrs, % fat 7.3 ± 0.55) had venous blood samples drawn 1 hr before the race, after swimming, cycling, running, and 1 hr after the race. Plasma samples were analyzed for leukocytes (LEU), iron and ferritin concentrations, lipid and glucose (GLU) profiles, creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, and uric acid, urea, and creatinine. Immediately after swimming, there were significant (P=0.05) increases in CK activity, creatinine, iron, ferritin, LEU, total cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C. Immediately after cycling, there were significant (P=0.05) increases in urea and uric acid concentrations. At the end of the race there were significant (P=0.05) increases in triglycerides, VLDL-C, and peaks of concentration of CK (+66%), uric acid, creatinine, and LEU (+175.2%). One hr later, most parameters had returned to prerace values. LDH and GLU concentrations remained unchanged. This study indicates that the pronounced initial systemic responses induced by the Olympic triathlon declines rapidly. Probably, a lowgrade systemic inflammation persisted post-race (increased LEU 1 hr post), possibly reflecting incomplete muscle recovery (high CK 1 hr post).
