摘要：The fluxes of carbon dioxide and energy were measured by the eddy covariance method for four contrasting ecosystems within the Pallas area in northern Finland: Kenttärova spruce forest, open Lompolojänkkä wetland, treeless top of Sammaltunturi fell, and Pallasjärvi which is a lake. Clear differences in carbon and energy exchange were found among these ecosystems, in both the instantaneous fluxes and the related longer-term balances. The available solar energy and its partitioning into sensible and latent heat fluxes differed markedly among the sites. The characteristics of the CO2 exchange at individual sites varied in terms of the maximum uptake and emission capacity and the associated responses to environmental drivers. The highest instantaneous fluxes were observed over wetland and forest. The mean annual balance showed a considerable net uptake at the wetland, while the balances of the fell top and the forest were both close to zero. The lake, on the other hand, was estimated to be a relatively large source of carbon dioxide. An upscaling exercise based on the actual land-use map of the surroundings demonstrated the importance of including all the major ecosystems in the landscape CO2 balance.
