摘要：This article examines the concept of ecosystem, its implications to other areas of society in light of the theoretical and scientific development that has taken place in the last years from a new and integrated perspective. In order to do this, the ecosystem movement based on a holistic connotation associated with the development of general systems theory as a method for possible and adequate solutions to problems involving the study of the earth and its relationship with economics, nature and society were reviewed. Starting from the classical and unidimensional scientific point of view that favors reductionism, the paper suggests the need to change ways of interpreting the world while adding light and value to different variables like uncertainty, diversity and complexity. In addition, practical ways to articulate the ecosystemic, holistic and theoretical approaches in a perspective which includes the human being as part of nature and its relationships are also discussed. In this respect the obstacles and principles of the integrated ecosystem, the challenges, the multi and interdisciplinary approaches, and concerns related to the subject are highlighted in addition to pointing out methodological elements necessary for this point of view to operate in the ambience of projects for integrated resources management (IRM).
其他摘要：This article examines the concept of ecosystem, its implications to other areas of society in light of thetheoretical and scientific development that has taken place in the last years from a new and integratedperspective. In order to do this, the ecosystem movement based on a holistic connotation associatedwith the development of general systems theory as a method for possible and adequate solutions toproblems involving the study of the earth and its relationship with economics, nature and society werereviewed. Starting from the classical and unidimensional scientific point of view that favors reductionism,the paper suggests the need to change ways of interpreting the world while adding light and value todifferent variables like uncertainty, diversity and complexity. In addition, practical ways to articulatethe ecosystemic, holistic and theoretical approaches in a perspective which includes the human being aspart of nature and its relationships are also discussed. In this respect the obstacles and principles of theintegrated ecosystem, the challenges, the multi and interdisciplinary approaches, and concerns related tothe subject are highlighted in addition to pointing out methodological elements necessary for this pointof view to operate in the ambience of projects for integrated resources management (IRM).
关键词：ecosystem thinking;society and nature;integrated management of resources;pensamento ecossistêmico;sociedade e natureza;gerenciamento integrado de recursos
