摘要：AbstractThis paper proposes a notion that in order to analyse and describe a language reasonably and scientifically is through a framework that recognises language as a human communication system and utilises discourse as data, and not as an abstract competence system, structural-oriented, or based on a personal-idiolectal created and context-independent sentences framework. One of the frameworks that recognise language as a human communication system is Halliday's functional grammar. According to this notion, language is a medium for people in modelling and representing their world of experience that is manifested by the element of’process’ in a clause. This paper will show how a scientific grammatical analysis method is done that is based on functional grammar framework and utilises a real data of creative text with a special reference to the Malay language of Malaysia. The focus will be on the element of processes because it is the core element in the notion of language as the human communication system.
关键词：language;human communication system;functional grammar;discourse;process;Malay language
