摘要：This investigation was designed to examine the use of Copy and Recall Therapy (CART) on the working memory,frequency, imageability, and length of target words during matched spelling tasks of a participant with anomicaphasia and phonological dysgraphia. Phonological dysgraphia is an impairment of written language processingcharacterized by disproportionate difficulty in spelling non-words, low frequency, and low imageability words(Beeson, Rising, Kim, & Rapcsak, 2010). There is compelling evidence that the phonological impairment is evidenton tasks that require segmentation and manipulation as well as those that require phoneme-grapheme conversion(Rapcsak et al., 2009). A phonological dysgraphia can occur when the mapping process within verbal workingmemory is insufficient in the production from phonological to orthographic words, impaired spelling, and possiblyhandwriting (Beminger, 2008). This study implemented Copy and Recall Therapy (CART) to enhance the ability tospell words for an individual with anomic aphasia and phonological dysgraphia. CART is an approach that usesrepeated copying of target words and recall trials to re-establish the ability to spell specific words (Beeson, 2004).The present study investigated whether the use of CART would strengthen the lexical-semantic and orthographicrepresentations from working memory for this participant. A single-subject (ABA) design was used to evaluate theeffectiveness of CART and working memory in one participant (PI ). PI was provided treatment one time per weekfor 10 weeks for 45 minutes. Performance was evaluated during three phases: pre-treatment baseline, treatment, andfollow-up. Two sets of words (n=16) were matched for word frequency, imageability, and length. Spellingperformance on the treated word list (n=16) with CART was evaluated in one pre-treatment baseline session. Duringthe treatment phase, PI was given the treated matched set of words to use with CART. Preselected word lists from thePALPA (subtest 25) depicting frequency and imageability were selected and PI was asked to write each word todictation while using CART. Sixteen target words were selected each session to use with CART (8 words were lowfrequency (LF)and low imageability (LI) and the other (8 words were high frequency (HF) and high imageability (HI)both match for length as well. The words from the control list (n=16; 8 words were (LF) and (LI) and 8 words were(HF) and (HI) were not used in conjunction with CART. PI was instructed not to practice the words outside thetreatment sessions. After 20 weeks, PI was reevaluated on the previous list of matched words from the PALPA(subtest 25). PI was asked to spell the list of matched words from dictation without CART. In the results, the spellingof the controlled HF and HI words without CART increased from 50% at baseline to 70% (p = 006) during followup. In the LI and LF word list, PI ’s accuracy increased from 43% at baseline to 63% (p= .021) during follow-up. Theresults of this study concluded that CART therapy will increase the working memory of spelling for HI, HF, LF, andLI words in a participant with phonological dysgraphia and anomic aphasia.
