摘要：Geomicrobiology as an interdisciplinary area has achieved great progress during the past two decades (Dong and Yu, 2007). Geomicrobiology involves the study of microbes in a number of fundamental geological processes, both in the past and present (Gadd, 2010). Biogeochemistry in extreme geological environments is one of the key topics under this theme. The extreme environments include alkaline, acidic, hot, hypersaline, high pressure, dry, or anoxic (Horikoshi and Bull, 2011). Biogeochemical information from extreme geological environments is of great importance to our understanding of the early life on Earth or other planets and also to bio-prospecting of microbial resources (e.g. enzymes) (Song et al., 2010).
