摘要：Surface agraphia (also known as lexical agraphia ) is characterized by selective inability to writeirregular words with preserved writing of regular words. According to the dual-route architecture ofreading, surface agraphia results from damage to the lexical semantic route of spelling leading toreliance on phoneme-grapheme route for spelling. Words are, therefore, spelled by theirpronunciation and the underlying deficit is characterized by regularization of irregular words.While surface agraphia is frequently reported in individuals with brain damage who read/ writeirregular orthographies like English, its manifestation in individuals who read/write more regularorthographies (e.g., Kannada) has been a matter of debate lately. Observations frombilingual/biscriptal individuals with brain damage, hence, provide valuable insights on how subtleneurological lesions express linguistically across orthographies.
