标题：Improvement of the reliability and durability parameters of hydrotechnical structures under conditions of hydrodynamic influence of flows on structural elements
摘要：This article concerns the methodological issues of developing principles for increasing the reliability and durability parameters of equipment and auxiliary mechanisms of hydrotechnical structures. An analysis of the conditions ensuring an increase in the accuracy of engineering calculations of the viscosity of disperse systems is carried out. An analytical consideration of the effects of the particle shape on the calculation of the groundwater viscosity using the representations of particles of dispersed media as hydrodynamic dipoles is proposed. An equation for the viscosities of disperse systems is obtained with the determination of the shape factor of solid particles in a liquid. The comparison with the ratios for calculating the viscosity of ideal groundwater consisting of particles of a circular configuration indicates the possibility of reducing errors in calculating the coefficients of permeability of flow rates and pressures of filtration currents in underground horizons under the fluences of hydraulic structures. To improve the reliability of building structural elements operation of spillways without vacuum dams, a method of refined calculation of the dynamic effect of groundwater on the base of spillway dams and dams of the river bed is proposed.
