摘要：Surface dust is the most pervasive and important factor affecting human health and well-being. Due to the influence of traffic and material flow, heavy metals absorbed on the surface dust which would be highly harmful to human health. Metal contamination in surface dust in industrial city of Shenyang was investigated. The mean content of Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, Ni, and Cr in surface dust was 213.39 mg/ kg, 5.72 mg / kg, 275.13 mg / kg, 459.74 mg / kg, 75.63 mg/ kg, and 481.11 mg / kg, respectively and was compared with the mean concentrations for other cities around the world. Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, Ni, and Cr concentrations appear to be higher than many other cities in the world. Spatial distribution of the six metals was produced among six functional areas including cultural and educational area, business area, residential area, park, traffic area and main road. Relevance analysis and cluster analysis showed that Zn and Pb have a relatively strong correlation and their class is close to each other. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk in different functional areas and different exposure pathways were calculated. The average carcinogenic risk of Cd, Ni, and Cr in urban dust of Shenyang is 6.49 × 10-8,1.14 × 10-7, and 3.64 × 10-5, respectively, which are lower than the acceptable risk threshold (10-6-10-4) recommended by US EPA . In terms of contribution rate to the carcinogenic risk, the contribution rate of Cr is over 98.94%. In terms of exposure pathways, ingestion is the most important exposure pathway. In terms of age, non-carcinogenic risk for children is relatively higher than that for adults. Non-carcinogenic risk of six heavy metals through three exposure pathways for children is 3.74, which is more than the standard value of 1.0. The main risk source is ingested Cr and Pb, which are higher than the safety threshold and especially, the Cr content is more than 2.34 times of the safety threshold. However, three exposure pathways have little effect on adults and non-carcinogenic risks of six heavy metals for adults are all not over the safety threshold.
关键词：surface dust; heavy metal; health risk assessment;
carcinogenic risk
