摘要：It has been widely accepted that there is a close relationship between the land use type and water quality.Streamwater is affected by several processes in the watershed, including anthropogenic activities that resultin changes in the quality of water and its functioning. In year 2012, investigations on impact of land uses onphysico-chemical properties of surface water was carried out during different seasons (rainy, winter andsummer) in adjoining to Kandaghat block situated between latitude 30°57'994'' N and longitude 77°06'470''E and 1458 metre above mean sea level in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh. The estimated water qualityparameters were pH, electrical conductivity (EC), temperature, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), nitrate (NO 3 - ),chloride (Cl - ), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) from 39 samplingsites under different land uses (agriculture, forest and urban). The experimental data were statistically analysedthrough Factorial Randomized Design and significance of each treatment was calculated. The maximum pH(7.69), EC (266.39 µS/cm), Ca (66.08 mg/L), temperature (19.25°C), BOD (1.45 mg/L) and COD (18.33mg/L) of surface water were recorded under urban land use, whereas Mg (12.90 mg/L), Cl - (3.05 mg/L) andNO 3 - (4.19 mg/L) were maximum under agricultural land use. Maximum pH (7.79), temperature (22.58°C),BOD (1.71 mg/L), COD (17.41 mg/L), Ca (64.61mg/L), Mg (13.87 mg/L) and Cl - (3.39 mg/L) were recordedduring summer season, whereas EC (264.75 µS/cm) and NO 3 - (3.91 mg/L) were maximum during rainyseason. The water quality index (WQI) for selected land uses ranged between 1.0782 to 1.0919, whereasseason wise water quality index (WQI) ranged from 1.0757 to 1.0956, which shows excellent water quality;small variations in water quality indices were seasonal and linked to land use practices.
