摘要：Tillage is a central element in agricultural soil management and has directand indirect effects on processes in the biosphere. Effects of agriculturalsoil management can be assessed by soil, crop, and ecosystem models, butglobal assessments are hampered by lack of information on the type of tillageand their spatial distribution. This study describes the generation of aclassification of tillage practices and presents the spatially explicitmapping of these crop-specific tillage systems for around the year 2005. Tillage practices differ by the kind of equipment used, soil surface anddepth affected, timing, and their purpose within the cropping systems. Weclassified the broad variety of globally relevant tillage practices into sixcategories: no-tillage in the context of Conservation Agriculture,traditional annual, traditional rotational, rotational, reduced, andconventional annual tillage. The identified tillage systems were allocated togridded crop-specific cropland areas with a resolution of 5arcmin.Allocation rules were based on literature findings and combine areainformation on crop type, water management regime, field size, water erosion,income, and aridity. We scaled reported national Conservation Agricultureareas down to grid cells via a probability-based approach for 54 countries.We provide area estimates of the six tillage systems aggregated to global andcountry scale. We found that 8.67Mkm2 of global cropland area was tilledintensively at least once a year, whereas the remaining 2.65Mkm2 wastilled less intensely. Further, we identified 4.67Mkm2 of cropland as anarea where Conservation Agriculture could be expanded to under currentconditions. The tillage classification enables the parameterization of different soilmanagement practices in various kinds of model simulations. The crop-specifictillage dataset indicates the spatial distribution of soil managementpractices, which is a prerequisite to assess erosion, carbon sequestrationpotential, as well as water, and nutrient dynamics of cropland soils. Thedynamic definition of the allocation rules and accounting for nationalstatistics, such as the share of Conservation Agriculture per country, alsoallow for derivation of datasets for historical and future global soilmanagement scenarios. The resulting tillage system dataset and source codeare accessible via an open-data repository (DOIs: https://doi.org/10.5880/PIK.2019.009and https://doi.org/10.5880/PIK.2019.010, Porwollik et al., 2019a,b).
