摘要：Carbon dioxide plays a central role in earth’s atmospheric, ocean and terrestrial systems. 1,2 About 40% of the totalanthropogenic emissions since 1750 have remained in the atmosphere, with the balance being removed by theocean and vegetation sinks. 3 Increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations have been well documented, 3 as havewidespread impacts on human and natural systems, such as warmer surface temperatures, ocean warming anddecreasing pH, loss of ice mass over the cryosphere, increasing global mean sea level, and alterations in the globalhydrological cycle. 3,4 The impact of increased atmospheric concentrations of CO 2 on the biosphere includes shiftingspecies extent, seasonal activities, migration patterns and abundances, as well as changes in species interactions.
