标题：CHECKING THREE - YEAR DIFFERENCES IN SOME CLIMATIC ELEMENTS BETWEEN URBAN AND RURAL AREAS AFTER A TWELVE - YEAR PERIOD CONSIDERING SOME EFFECTIVE PARAMETERS AND SOLUTIONS
摘要：In addition to global fluctuations in climatic elements effective on the country-size mean values, developing and urbanising countries, such as Turkey, witness the changes in climatic elements through their climatic measurement stations, which were very away from urban when they were first established but have gradually been surrounded by densely structured urban areas. This study is aimed to determine the urban-rural climatic differences in temperatures and relative humidity and compare the results from two different periods 12 years after the first one (2002 - 2004 and 2014 - 2016) in urban and rural parts of the city centre of Erzurum, which is an unindustrialised middle - sized eastern Turkish city with the most important carbon emission sources of domestic heating and traffic (45.5 and 25.0%. respectively). Rural meteorological station has been operated at the airport property of the city since 1988, but urban station made measurement only between 2002 and 2004 and began measurement again in 2013 through automated weather observation system. Therefore, the present study compares the mean values of two 3-year periods. In the scope of the study, changes in climatic elements after a 12 - year period were calculated considering the possible effective factors on this change i.e. human population growth, increase in urbanisation, the number of motor vehicles and green area rate in addition to the factors stated in the previous studies. In order to monitor the possible effective factors, present study compares the 10-year change in human population, urbanisation ratio (structured area), green area rate and the number of motor vehicles.It was found that all parameters in both urban and rural areas increased in the 2~(nd) period compared to the 1~(st) one. The extent of the changes in urban is1.3°C, 0.2°C and 1.1°C for mT, maT and miT, respectively while 2.2% for relative humidity. Difference in rural between periods is seen to be 1.7 °C, 1.1 °C, 1.9 °C for mT, maT and miT, respectively and 4.7% for RH.Based on the results above, some suggestions are proposed for the local administrations to create climatically more tolerable and favourable environments for urban people.
