摘要：In cultivated grapevines, pruning may lead to wedge-shaped organization and tylose formation in vessels near cuts. These physical damages can profoundly affect the transportation capacity of vessels. In this experiment, the process of the formation and development of tyloses induced by pruning was studied by scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the formation and development of tyloses was rapidly. Tyloses initiation started as early as 1 day after pruning as indicated by one or several small spherical outgrowths into the vessels. With the extension of time, the quantity and volume of tyloses were increasing, and the quantity of vessels partly and completely blocked was increasing until the eighth day after pruning. The emergence and development of tylose in current-year shoot was more rapidly than that of the perennial cordon. The number of vessels had tyloses was 62.72 % and 70.64 %, respectively. The percentage of vessels completely blocked by tyloses was 32.35 % and 47.27 %, respectively. Using Dynage System to study the effect of pruning- induced tyloses on the transportation of water in current-year shoots, it was found that the production of tyloses affected the transport performance of vessels significantly (P<0.05), the peak value of sap flow rate of B2 before and after pruning-induced tyloses decreased by 23.26 %. Combined with the above researches, we propose the "Minimum Pruning Principle" of grape plastic pruning management: the number of cuts and the length of perennial parts should be minimized without hampering the quality, stability, and sustainability of grape production.
