摘要：Main objective is to assess rust diseases severity of different wheat varieties under different sowing time to find best sowing time with highest rusts levels under natural conditions. High level of diseases existence is important to escape diseases inoculation and its costs during breeding studies.Experiment was conducted during 2008-2009, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 wheat growing seasons for 3 years in Adana in Turkey. In this study, 10 bread and 2 durum wheat varieties were tested for yellow rust, leaf rust and stem rust diseases. Rust diseases severities were assessed with 5 different sowing time under natural rust disease inoculations.There were strong relationships between sowing time and stem rust disease in 3 years. When sowing time delayed from November to April, stem rust disease severity significantly increased due to increased stem rust spores in April sown wheat materials. Instead, yellow rust disease severity was not significantly affected from sowing time. This result may be related to low yellow rust infection coefficients of wheat varieties. Leaf rust showed different responses to sowing times in 3 years, so different sowing time method may probably not function properly for this disease.As a sole result of this research, April sowing will be the best adopted sowing time to obtain high stem rust diseases existence in wheat in Mediterranean climate conditions to test breeding materials for stem rust under natural conditions.
