标题：EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CHEMICALS INJECTED SURGES ON CHEMICALS APPLICATION AND DISTRIBUTION UNIFORMITY THROUGH FURROW IRRIGATION IN CLAY SOIL UNDER DELTA REGION OF EGYPT
摘要：Increasing water and chemicals efficiencies always has been one of the main concerns of experts and farmers. Using surge to inject fertilizers and chemicals through the irrigation system led to increase the efficiency of distribution of fertilizers and chemicals in the effective root zone of plants which means applying the correct amount of chemicals in the right time with right concentration subsequently reduce wastage rate, health protection for farmers and reduce the risk of environmental pollution of ground water. The developing of management for surge flow irrigation led to access a high application efficiency, water distribution uniformity, fertilizer application and fertilizer uniform in comparison to traditional furrow irrigation. In the context, the experiment was carried out at a private farm on Tanta city, Gharbeia Governorate, Egypt during season 2017. The aim of the present work was to developing and improving water and fertilizer application efficiency through surge flow technique under clay textured soil for corn crop in Delta Egypt. Treatments were 4, 5 and 6 surges with 0.56, 0.75 and 0.95 1 sec~(-1) flow rates of water and chemicals injected surge applied uniformly in a 140 meters long line. The results showed that: Water application efficiency. The treatment of 6 surges was recorded the highest water application efficiency at flow rate 0.95 l sec~(-1) which was 79 % and the lowest value was 56% for continuous flow with flow rate 0.56 l sec~(-1) treatment. Water distribution uniformity. The best value was obtained under surge flow with 5 surges which was 93 % at 0.75 l sec~(-1), while the lowest value was occurred under continuous irrigation which was 66 % at the inflow rate 0.56 l sec~(-1) treatment. Chemicals application efficiencies.The highest value was 91 % that obtained under 3~(rd) and 4~(th) injected surge with chemicals for 5 and 6 surges treatments respectively at 0.56 l sec~(-1) flow rate. Chemicals distribution uniformity. The highest value was 70 % under 5 surges treatment through 3~(rd) and 4~(th) injected surge and 6 surges treatment during 4~(th) injected surge using 0.75 l sec~(-1) flow rate.
