Context: To review and summarize the literature regarding the current status of postchemotherapy laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (PCL-RPLND) in patients with testicular germ cell tumor.

Evidence Acquisition: A comprehensive review of the English literature was performed using the PubMed database using the terms “laparoscopy” or “laparoscopic”, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, and “postchemotherapy” or “chemotherapy”.

Results: PC L-RPLND is more challenging than primary L-RPLND. However, morbidity, operative time, and complications have improved as surgical experience has increased.

Conclusions: PCL-RPLND is a technically demanding procedure and should be performed in high volume-centers. It has been shown that PCL-RPLND is a feasible and effective procedure in experienced hands. The oncological efficacy of this approach is similar to the results of open series.