摘要：AbstractViruses are representative of a global threat to agricultural production. Genetic resistance is the preferred strategy for the control of viral infection and against loss of crop yield. Viral protein synthesis requires host cellular factors for translating their viral RNAs, and for regulating their replication and cell to cell systemic movement. Therefore, the viruses are dependent on cellular translation factors. Mutations in the gene encodingeIF4EandeIF4Gor their isoforms,eIFiso4E, eIFiso4GandeIF2Bβhave been mapped as a source of plantpotyviruswhile other genus of plant virus recessive resistance genes in many species are originated from these loci. Some of other plant translation factors, such aseIF3, eIF4A-like helicases,eEF1AandeEF1B, which are required in interacting with viral RNAs and regulating various aspects of the infection cycle, have also been identified. Here, we summarized the mechanisms utilized by RNA viruses of eukaryotic plants and the essential roles ofeIFsin virus infection. Moreover, we discussed the potential ofeIFsas a target gene in the development of genetic resistance to viruses for crop improvement. This review highlighted newly revealed examples of abnormal translational strategies and provided insights into natural host resistance mechanisms that have been linked to 3′ cap-independent translational enhancer activity.
