摘要：SummaryWe investigated whether a task requiring concurrent perceptual decision-making and response control can be performed concurrently, whether evidence accumulation and response control are accomplished by the same neurons, and whether perceptual decision-making and countermanding can be unified computationally. Based on neural recordings in a prefrontal area of macaque monkeys, we present behavioral, neural, and computational results demonstrating that perceptual decision-making of varying difficulty can be countermanded efficiently, that single prefrontal neurons instantiate both evidence accumulation and response control, and that an interactive race between stochastic GO evidence accumulators for each alternative and a distinct STOP accumulator fits countermanding choice behavior and replicates neural trajectories. Thus, perceptual decision-making and response control, previously regarded as distinct mechanisms, are actually aspects of a common neuro-computational mechanism supporting flexible behavior.Graphical AbstractDisplay OmittedHighlights•Monkeys can perform combined perceptual decision-making and countermanding•Prefrontal neurons accumulate evidence, but this accumulation can be interrupted•Interactive race of response accumulators and a stop accumulator explains findings•Results clarify the circuit logic of brain regions involved in decision-makingBiological Sciences; Neuroscience; Behavioral Neuroscience; Sensory Neuroscience; Cognitive Neuroscience
