摘要：The present study, aims to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to determine the nomo- phobia levels of rural communities. A statement pool has been created by using literature reviews and semi-structured interviews. A 21-item nomophobia scale (NSPS) was developed in consultation with the expert opinion. This questionnaire was first conducted to a group of 40 students Bursa Uludag University. After the readability and clarity of the questions were tested, it was carried out with 400 inhabitants of rural people in Bursa, Turkey. Exploratory factor analysis was applied to the data obtained by the face-to-face survey method. The analysis confirmed the four-factor structure: attachment, avoidance, conflict, and interwind identity. These factors explain 91.93% of the total variance. Kaiser-Meyer- Olkin coefficient and Bartlett's test were found significant respectively at .936 and y l (210) 1536.293 (p < .001). Internal consistency coefficient was found 0.922 for the whole scale and at values ranged from 0.968, 0.952, 0941 and 0.924 for the factors. The statistical analysis indicates that the NSPS scale is valid and reliable; hence can be used to determine the existence and severity of nomophobic behaviour for rural communities.
关键词：Eco-literacy;environmental awareness;rural community;Nomophobia;smartphone usage;social media addiction
