摘要：Monitoring and valuations of the aquaticenvironmental health status should becomeessential mechanisms of adaptiveadministration plans that are aimed todisplay and remediate pollution and thedamage it causes to the marineenvironment. Such efforts taken separatelymay not be sufficient for noticingunwanted changes of integrativeecosystem health in a complex marineenvironment. Complexity is here providedby spatial-temporal gradients, such asgeographic, latitudinal, depth, as well asseasonal shifts. In addition, organismsshow commonly variable reactions atvarious levels of integration (e.g., at thelevel of genome and proteome,physiology, cell, tissue and organ,individual, population and community).Biota is also characterized by variability intheir taxonomic and ontogenetic sensitivityand different reaction norms of sex. Thetendency of most toxicants for differentialindividual bioaccumulation andbiomagnification within food webs furthercomplicates the situation. To date, only afew attempts have been made to challengean integrative approach using, physical andchemical habitat assessments, biologicalmonitoring and physiological, biochemicaland Geno toxicological parameters toassess the environmental health status of acontaminated aquatic ecosystem that coulddirectly lead to food safety measurementsin ocean fisheries and aquaculture. In orderto integrate abiotic and biotic endpoints,different approaches should be pursued ina systems-oriented way: physical,chemical, biological; laboratory vs. field;realms (freshwater, brackish, marine-bottom, water column, interfaces);organisms (producer, consumer anddecomposer); biological integration levels(ecological, behavioural, chemical andsubcellular).
