摘要：AbstractMantle plumes originating from the Core-Mantle Boundary (CMB) or the Mantle Transition Zone (MTZ) play an important role in material transfer through Earth’s interior. The hotspot-related plumes originate through different mechanisms and have diverse processes of material transfer. Both the Morganian plumes and large low shear wave velocity provinces (LLSVPs) are derived from the D″ layer in the CMB, whereas the Andersonian plumes originate from the upper mantle. All plumes have a plume head at the Moho, although the LLSVPs have an additional plume head at the MTZ. We compare the geochemical characteristics of various plumes in an attempt to evaluate the material exchange between the plumes and mantle layers. The D″ layer, the LLSVPs and the Morganian plumes are consisted of subducted slab and post-perovskite from the lower mantle. Bridgmanite would crystallize during the upwelling process of the LLSVPs and the Morganian plumes in the lower mantle, and the residual is a basalt-trachyte suite. Unlike the Morganian plumes, the crystallization in the LLSVPs is insufficient that material accumulates beneath the MTZ to form a plume head. Typically, the secondary plumes above the plume head occur at the edge of the LLSVPs because it is easier for bridgmanite crystal separating from the plume head at the edge, and the residual material with low density upwells to form the secondary plumes. Meanwhile, Na and K are enriched during the long-term crystallization process, and then the basalt-phonolite suite appears in the LLSVPs. The geochemical characteristics of Andersonian plumes suggest that the basalt-rhyolite suite is the major component in the upper mantle. Meanwhile the basalt-rhyolite suite also appears in the LLSVPs and the Morganian plumes because of the assimilation and contamination in the plume head beneath the Moho.Graphical abstractDisplay OmittedHighlights•Three types of mantle plumes differ in their geochemical characteristics.•Plumes carry BT suite from D″ Layer, BP suite from MTZ and BR suite from UM.•Phase transformation causes Mg and EMI enrichment in D″ Layer and leaves HIMU in LM.
关键词：KeywordsenMantle plumesMantle componentsGeochemical process
