摘要：Osteoporosis is the âSilent diseaseâ in which the microarchitecture of bones becomes weak due to the low bone mass density. This common public health problem has lack of symptoms, and at the moment can only be diagnosed using a technique called dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The DEXA scan of a bone provides bone mineral density (BMD), which is compared against the standard BMD values for diagnoses. The availability of DEXA machine in a third world country like Pakistan is an issue because of its high cost and the high percentage of population living in rural areas with limited health care facilities. The aim of this paper is to review the published work on this subject and suggest a solution that aids early diagnosis of osteoporosis using x-ray radiographs only. An associated problem is the use of T-score and Z-score reference values that are not based on the local population.
