标题：Evaluating the Biosafety of Newer and Conventional Insecticides against Parasitoids, Predators and Pollinators Prevailing in Agricultural Ecosystem: To achieve Agricultural Sustainability in Future
摘要：Promoting sustainable agriculture in developing countries will provide a direct and indirect impact on economic development. In the field of agriculture, sustainability is the ultimate goal. Taking this in consideration it is very important to access the biosafety of insecticides against natural enemies as chemical pesticides play a major role in our Indian agriculture. This study was conducted with Fipronil 80WG, chlorpyriphos 20EC, dimethoate 30EC and NSKE 5% to study their biosafety against Trichogrammachilonis Ishii,Chrysoperlacarnea Stephens and Apisceranaindica Fabricus. Results indicated that, NSKE 5% was safe to T. chilonis with higher rate of parasitization (92.6%) and emergence (94.1%) followed by fipronil 80WG @ 40 and 50g a.i.ha-1 which recorded 80% egg parasitization and adult emergence. NSKE 5% had maximum Chrysoperlaegg hatchability of 88.75%. Fipronil 80WG @ 50 and 40g a.i.ha-1 had minimal negative effect on eggs of Chrysoperla, 48HAT the hatchability was 80 and 82.5%, respectively. NSKE 5% recorded least toxicity to bees with a mortality of 10% at 24HAT. Fipronil 80WG @ 40 and 50g a.i.ha-1 recorded the mortality of 50% over control. NSKE 5% and fipronil 80WG were superior in their safety over conventional insecticide, chlorpyriphos 20EC @ 200g a.i.ha-1 and dimethoate 30EC @ 375g a.i.ha-1.
