摘要：AbstractPlasmodium vivaxandP. falciparumare the most important human malaria species.P. falciparumis considered the most virulent and widespread species in sub-Saharan Africa. Hence, control efforts have focused on reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with falciparum malaria. However, with improved malaria diagnostics, there is more evidence of high vivax burden in Africa. AsP. vivaxis capable of dormancy in the liver, it is suspected that artemisinin-based combination treatment widely use across Africa to combat falciparum malaria may be favouring adaptive selection forP. vivax. Additionally, a better understanding of the mechanism of erythrocytes invasion in Duffy-negative individuals who were previously believed to be protected againstP. vivaxis needed.Therefore, this review discusses the epidemiological implications ofP. vivaxandP. falciparumco-endemicity in Africa. We also examine available tools for diagnosis of vivax malaria. We conclude by recommending specific interventions againstP. vivaxthat can impact current malaria elimination strategies.
