摘要：SummaryThe role of the intestinal immune system in the inhibition of fat tissue-related inflammation by dietary material is yet to be elucidated. Oral administration of β-elemene, contained in various foodstuffs, downregulated expressions of inflammatory cytokines and increased Foxp3+CD4+T cells in adipose tissue of obese mice. However, β-elemene did not affect the inflammatory response of adipose tissuein vitro, suggesting that the inhibition observedin vivowas not due to direct interactions of adipose tissue with β-elemene. Instead, β-elemene increased Foxp3+CD4+T cell population enhancing gene expressions of transforming growth factor β 1, retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2, integrin αvβ8, and interleukin-10 in intestinal dendritic cells (DCs)in vivoandin vitro. Taken together, this study suggested the therapeutic effects of β-elemene on treating experimental obesity-induced chronic inflammation by adjusting the balance of immune cell populations in fat tissue through the generation of regulatory T cells in the intestinal immune system by modulating DC function.Graphical abstractDisplay OmittedHighlights•β-elemene downregulated inflammatory cytokines of adipose tissue of obese mice•β-elemene increased Tregs of adipose tissue of obese mice•β-elemene enhanced the expression of molecules for Treg induction in intestinal DCsHuman Metabolism; Immunology
