摘要：SummaryPulmonary mesenchymal cells are critical players in both the mouse and human during lung development and disease states. They are increasingly recognized as highly heterogeneous, but there is no consensus on subpopulations or discriminative markers for each subtype. We completed scRNA-seq analysis of mesenchymal cells from the embryonic, postnatal, adult and aged fibrotic lungs of mice and humans. We consistently identified and delineated the transcriptome of lipofibroblasts, myofibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, pericytes, mesothelial cells, and a novel population characterized byEbf1expression. Subtype selective transcription factors and putative divergence of the clusters during development were described. Comparative analysis revealed orthologous subpopulations with conserved transcriptomic signatures in murine and human lung mesenchymal cells. All mesenchymal subpopulations contributed to matrix gene expression in fibrosis. This analysis would enhance our understanding of mesenchymal cell heterogeneity in lung development, homeostasis and fibrotic disease conditions.Graphical abstractDisplay OmittedHighlights•Comprehensively profiling of lung mesenchymal subtypes in development and fibrosis.•Identification of novel lung mesenchymal cell subtypes in development and fibrosis.•Delineation of novel discriminative and consistent mesenchymal subtype markers.•Redefinition of the cell contributors of ECM in pulmonary fibrosis.Cell biology; Organizational aspects of cell biology; Pathophysiology
