出版社：Kamianets-Podilskyi National Ivan Ohiienko University, National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, G.S.Kostiuk Institute of Psychology
摘要：The purpose of this article is to define levels of the Sovereign individual and propose their characteristics. The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. The results of the research. We believe that the subject is most fully manifested by himself / herself in the form of sovereignty. We call the act of providing any activity as a logical cell of the subject, which is the essential form of manifestation of sovereignty. We proved that Sovereignty was a certain level of the person’s development reached the quality of the Subject of mental activity. We call such a person the Sovereign individual who creates, organizes, regulates, changes and develops his / her own psyche. As a Subject of mental activity, the individual is affirmed through different actions and in actions. The individual who does not possess the characteristics of the Subject is not, in our opinion, capable for providing creative actions. This person cannot be called the Sovereign individual. We also analyzed the reasons why this may happen. Among them – the lack of necessary mechanisms: the ability to goal-setting and goal-realizing, finding and choosing forms of the activity, decision-making and implementation, evaluation and consolidation of the results in the experience of the Sovereign individual. It was shown that all these mechanisms are impossible without reflection, as well as the ability to act is also impossible, therefore the ability to be the Sovereign subject of mental activity. Conclusions. We distinguish such three levels of the Sovereign individual and propose their characteristics: 1. The position of the Monosubject, which is originally the newborn (we also can call it the Actual Virtual Subject), as its properties are available at the stage of readiness, but not yet updated. Monosubject is engaged in a specific case, in a specific act or activity, which is evaluated in terms of his / her effectiveness and feasibility. The condition for the transition from the first level to the second one is communication with an adult, which forms the dialogical structures of the child’s psyche. 2. The characteristics of the second level of functioning of the Sovereign individual is the Polysubject. He / she is the assignment of spiritual influences of other people and at the same time provides the facilitation in the process of social interaction. The Sovereign individual commits acts that give rise to behavior of any Subject to moral self-regulation. 3. The third level is a level of a Meta-Sovereign Subject, defines by us as the main task and the ability to comprehend the higher essences of being. This level demonstrates the desire for feat, the actions that correspond to the person’s understanding of the highest desire of his / her activity.
