期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2015
卷号：112
期号：28
页码：8714-8719
DOI：10.1073/pnas.1509930112
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：SignificanceFibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a hormone that mediates an adaptive response to starvation, is also a long-standing marker of mitochondrial disease. In this article, we describe the metabolic benefits induced by mild mitochondrial stress via FGF21 induction in polymerase gamma mtDNA mutator (POLG) mice, a model of mitochondrial disease and premature aging. When challenged with a high-fat diet (HFD), these mice resist diet-induced obesity and its underlying associated disease states. In addition, nutrients from a HFD appear to reverse metabolic imbalance in these mice. HFD also robustly increases fat metabolism and improves mitochondrial function in brown fat, which mediates adaptive thermogenesis. Hence, we highlight a metabolically favorable synergy between mitochondrial stress and HFD facilitated by FGF21 in this mouse. Mitochondria are highly adaptable organelles that can facilitate communication between tissues to meet the energetic demands of the organism. However, the mechanisms by which mitochondria can nonautonomously relay stress signals remain poorly understood. Here we report that mitochondrial mutations in the young, preprogeroid polymerase gamma mutator (POLG) mouse produce a metabolic state of starvation. As a result, these mice exhibit signs of metabolic imbalance including thermogenic defects in brown adipose tissue (BAT). An unexpected benefit of this adaptive response is the complete resistance to diet-induced obesity when POLG mice are placed on a high-fat diet (HFD). Paradoxically, HFD further increases oxygen consumption in part by inducing thermogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis in BAT along with enhanced expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). Collectively, these findings identify a mechanistic link between FGF21, a long-known marker of mitochondrial disease, and systemic metabolic adaptation in response to mitochondrial stress.
