摘要：Malaria remains a public health problem in Thailand, especially along its borders where highly mobile populations can contribute to persistent transmission. This study aimed to determine resistant genotypes and phenotypes of 112
Plasmodium falciparum isolates from patients along the Thai-Cambodia border during 2013–2015. The majority of parasites harbored a
pfmdr1-Y184F mutation. A single
pfmdr1 copy number had CVIET haplotype of amino acids 72–76 of
pfcrt and no
pfcytb mutations. All isolates had a single
pfk13 point mutation (R539T, R539I, or C580Y), and increased % survival in the ring-stage survival assay (except for R539I). Multiple copies of
pfpm2 and
pfcrt-F145I were detected in 2014 (12.8%) and increased to 30.4% in 2015. Parasites containing either multiple
pfpm2 copies with and without
pfcrt-F145I or a single
pfpm2 copy with
pfcrt-F145I exhibited elevated IC
90 values of piperaquine. Collectively, the emergence of these resistance patterns in Thailand near Cambodia border mirrored the reports of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine treatment failures in the adjacent province of Cambodia, Oddar Meanchey, suggesting a migration of parasites across the border. As malaria elimination efforts ramp up in Southeast Asia, host nations militaries and other groups in border regions need to coordinate the proposed interventions.
