摘要：Biosurfactants are amphiphilic surface-active molecules of microbial origin principally produced by hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria; in addition to the bioremediation properties, they can also present antimicrobial activity. The present study highlights the chemical characterization and the antimicrobial activities of biosurfactants produced by deep-sea marine bacteria from the genera
Halomonas,
Bacillus,
Streptomyces, and
Pseudomonas. The biosurfactants were extracted and chemically characterized through Chromatography TLC, FT-IR, LC/ESI–MS/MS, and a metabolic analysis was done through molecular networking. Six biosurfactants were identified by dereplication tools from GNPS and some surfactin isoforms were identified by molecular networking. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC
50) of biosurfactant from
Halomonas sp. INV PRT125 (7.27 mg L
−1) and
Halomonas sp. INV PRT124 (8.92 mg L
−1) were most effective against the pathogenic yeast
Candida albicans ATCC 10231. For Methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, the biosurfactant from
Bacillus sp. INV FIR48 was the most effective with IC
50 values of 25.65 mg L
−1 and 21.54 mg L
−1 for
C. albicans, without hemolytic effect (< 1%), and non-ecotoxic effect in brine shrimp larvae (
Artemia franciscana), with values under 150 mg L
−1, being a biosurfactant promising for further study. The extreme environments as deep-sea can be an important source for the isolation of new biosurfactants-producing microorganisms with environmental and pharmaceutical use.
