摘要：Rejection after kidney transplantation remains an important cause of allograft failure that markedly impacts morbidity. Cytokines are a major player in rejection, and we, therefore, explored the impact of interleukin-6 (
IL6) and IL-6 receptor (
IL6R) gene polymorphisms on the occurrence of rejection after renal transplantation. We performed an observational cohort study analyzing both donor and recipient DNA in 1271 renal transplant‐pairs from the University Medical Center Groningen in The Netherlands and associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with biopsy-proven rejection after kidney transplantation. The C-allele of the
IL6R SNP (Asp358Ala; rs2228145 A > C, formerly rs8192284) in donor kidneys conferred a reduced risk of rejection following renal transplantation (HR 0.78 per C-allele; 95%-CI 0.67–0.90;
P = 0.001). On the other hand, the C-allele of the
IL6 SNP (at position-174 in the promoter; rs1800795 G > C) in donor kidneys was associated with an increased risk of rejection for male organ donors (HR per C-allele 1.31; 95%-CI 1.08–1.58;
P = 0.0006), but not female organ donors (
P = 0.33). In contrast, neither the
IL6 nor
IL6R SNP in the recipient showed an association with renal transplant rejection. In conclusion, donor
IL6 and
IL6R genotypes but not recipient genotypes represent an independent prognostic marker for biopsy-proven renal allograft rejection.
