摘要：Background:
Associations between long-term exposure to air pollution and road traffic noise have been established for ischemic heart disease, but findings have been mixed for atrial fibrillation (AF).
Objectives:
The goal of the study was to examine associations of long-term exposure to road traffic noise and air pollution with AF.
Methods:
Time-varying Cox regression models were used to estimate associations of 1-, 3-, and 23-y mean road traffic noise and air pollution exposures with AF incidence in 23,528 women enrolled in the Danish Nurse Cohort (age
>
44
y
at baseline in 1993 or 1999). AF diagnoses were ascertained via the Danish National Patient Register. Annual mean weighted 24-h average road traffic noise levels (
L
den
) at the nurses’ residences, since 1970, were estimated using the Nord2000 model, and annual mean levels of particulate matter with a diameter
<
2.5
μ
m
(
PM
2.5
) and nitrogen dioxide (
NO
2
) were estimated using the DEHM/UBM/AirGIS model.
Results:
Of 23,528 nurses with no prior AF diagnosis at the cohort baseline, 1,522 developed AF during follow-up. In a fully adjusted model (including
PM
2.5
), the estimated risk of AF was 18% higher [hazard ratio (HR); 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18; 1.02, 1.36] in nurses with residential 3-y mean
L
den
levels
>
58
dB
vs.
<
48
dB
, with similar findings for 1-y mean exposures. A
3.9
-
μ
g
/
m
3
increase in 3-y mean
PM
2.5
was associated with incident AF before and after adjustment for concurrent exposure to road traffic noise (HR 1.09; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.20 and 1.08; 95% CI: 0.97, 1.19, respectively). Associations with 1-y mean
PM
2.5
exposures were positive but closer to the null and not significant. Associations with
NO
2
were null for all time periods before and after adjustment for road traffic noise and inverse when adjusted for concurrent
PM
2.5
.
Conclusion:
Our analysis of prospective data from a cohort of Danish female nurses followed for up to 14 y provided suggestive evidence of independent associations between incident AF and 1- and 3-y exposures to road traffic noise and
PM
2.5
.
https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8090
