摘要：The present study aims to describe the participant and practice characteristics and evaluate the quality of single-subject experimental studies using traditional and intensive toilet training protocols to provide toilet training to children with developmental disabilities. In addition, this study aims to evaluate the evidence-based practices of traditional and intensive toilet training protocols for children with developmental disabilities. A systematic review was used in the study. In order to reach the related studies, a comprehensive electronic and manual search of the last 50 years was conducted and inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to all studies accessed. The quality of the studies was evaluated, and then it was revealed whether they had evidence bases. Full texts of 65 out of 3025 studies were reviewed and inclusion criteria were applied to these studies. The design standards were applied to 20 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Two studies for traditional toilet training met design standards with reservations, and only one study met design standards for intensive toilet training. Based on the evidence base evaluation, both traditional toilet training and intensive toilet training are not yet evidence-based for children with developmental disabilities.
关键词：toilet training;traditional toilet training;intensive toilet training;systematic review;evidence based practice
