摘要：SummaryThe feral pigs of Ossabaw Island (USA) have an outstanding propensity to obesity and develop complete metabolic syndrome (MetS) upon prolonged high energy dieting. We now report the first high quality genome of the Ossabaw pig with Contig N50 of ∼6.03 Mb, significantly higher than most other published pig genomes. Genomic comparison to Duroc reveals that variations including SNPs, INDELs and one ∼2 Mb inversion identified in Ossabaw pig may be related to its “thrifty” phenotype. Finally, an important positively selected gene (PSG) was found to beLEPR(leptin receptor) containing two positively selected sites which may lead to pseudogenization of this gene with possible significant effects on obesity and inflammation development. This work provides the first complete mapping of a genome representing a naturally ‘feast and famine’ evolved phenotype of MetS, serving as a blueprint to guide the search for new targets and new biomarkers for obesity comorbidities.Graphical abstractDisplay OmittedHighlights•The first high quality genome of the Ossabaw miniature pig•Found important heterozygous genes in the Ossabaw genome•Identified mutations of obesity-related genes•Defined candidate targets and biomarkers for obesity comorbiditiesPhysiology; Genetics; Phylogenetics; Animal Physiology
