摘要：SummaryMagnesium is integral to many physiological processes, whereas variations in its levels, even within the normal range, can have critical implications for health. To explore the broad clinical effects of varying serum magnesium levels, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization and phenome-wide association study (MR-PheWAS) in the UK Biobank cohort. In total, MR-PheWAS analysis implicated a causal role of serum magnesium levels in five disease groups and six disease outcomes. In addition, our study indicated the gender-specific effects of nine disease groups/outcomes in MR estimated effects. The protein-protein interaction network demonstrated an interaction between the serum magnesium-associated geneDCDC1and the cataract- associated genePAX6. The present study verified several previously reported disease outcomes and identified novel potential disease outcomes for serum magnesium levels. TheDCDC1gene and thePAX6gene may be the new targets for promoting the treatments of cataracts using magnesium intervention.Graphical abstractDisplay OmittedHighlights•MR-PheWAS implicates a causal role of serum Mg in 11 disease groups/outcomes•Our study indicates gender-specific effects of 9 disease groups/outcomes•Mg intervention may promote cataracts treatments through theDCDC1andPAX6genesMedicine; Pathophysiology; Clinical medicine; Bioinformatics; Complex system biology; Omics
