摘要：The human milk fatty acid, including
trans fatty acid, composition is predominantly affected by the maternal diet. The aim of this research was to determine the
trans fatty acid level in human milk among lactating women in Latvia, and to evaluate how maternal dietary habits affect the
trans fatty acid composition of human milk. In total, 70 lactating women participated in this cross-sectional study. A 72-hour food diary and food frequency questionnaire were used to evaluate maternal dietary habits. Different
trans fatty acids in human milk samples were determined using gas chromatography (Agilent 6890N, Agilent Technologies Incorporated, the United States). Overall, the dietary intake of
trans fatty acids among the participants was 0.54 ± 0.79 g per day. The total
trans fatty acid level in the human milk samples was 2.30% ± 0.60%. The composition of
trans fatty acids found in human milk was associated with maternal dietary habits. Higher elaidic acid, vaccenic acid and total
trans fatty acid levels in human milk were found among participants with a higher milk and dairy product intake. Meat and meat product intake were associated with a higher vaccenic acid and total
trans fatty acid levels in human milk. A moderate association was also established between maternal
trans fatty acid intake and the total
trans fatty acid level in human milk. The obtained correlations indicate that maternal dietary habits during lactation can impact the composition of
trans fatty acids found in human milk.
