摘要：In this article, a sociological analysis of the “social orientations” category is presented as a methodological principle of separation of external (social attitudes) and internal (value orientations) incentives of communication. External incentives, drawing a person into technological dependence on the NBIC-technologies used, cause a break in humanitarian relations, hinder the development of self-identity, and lead to a decline in social differentiation. In opposite, human capital, as the main element of the novelty of production relations in the information age, enters into a deep hidden contradiction with the power of management and the alienation of the individual abilities and needs. Subjective factors, expressed by the human value orientations, in the conditions of new opportunities opened up by informatization and digitalization of all social institutions, receive global advantages for maintaining harmony and progress in the society development, despite the objective instability of irreconcilable contradictions between large social groups. For empirical identification of qualitatively new subjective factors of social differentiation multiplication, the author’s typology of personalities is used, which unites actors into typological groups distinguished by social orientations. Terminal type, distinguished by the dominance of terminal (ultimate semantic) values and motives in the personality structure; inert type, the core of the “information poor”; instrumental type, occupying an intermediate position. Primary and secondary research made it possible to predict new opportunities for using the institution of education, in addition to the objective potentials of society self-development in the case of multidirectional differentiation.
