摘要：In engineering and industry, the function of vitality and mass diffusivity because of heat and density gradients plays an important role. The heat and mass transfer rate depends on the tendency of the magnetic field, nature of heat source, thermal radiation, and the variance of concentration of nanofluid. In this study, the significance of variation in nanoparticle’s diameter, dissipation of energy, and mass flux due to the temperature gradient in the convective radiation dynamics of the fluid, heat source, and the Darcy-Forchheimer model over a cylinder has discussed. The basic formulation constituted in the form of coupled non-linear PDEs that has transformed into higher-order ODEs by using peculiar similarity functions. Tiny particles are considered due to their unusual characteristics like extraordinary thermal conductivity, which are significant in advanced nanotechnology, heat exchangers, material sciences, and electronics. The main objective of this comprehensive study is the enhancement of heat transformation. It is observed that if the energy diffusion is relatively higher in intensity due to the concentration gradient, a substantial reduction in temperature distribution throughout the domain is probable in response to increasing copper nanoparticle’s diameter. The concentration gradient leads to a reduction in the viscidness of water-base nanofluids, which leads to an increase in velocity. The convergence of numerical technique is noticed for optimum meshing and the accuracy of the presented results are verified with their exactness to the results as existing in the relevant studies.
