摘要：Background:
The exposure–response association between prenatal and postnatal household air pollution (HAP) and infant growth trajectories is unknown.
Objectives:
To evaluate associations between prenatal and postnatal HAP exposure and stove interventions on growth trajectories over the first year of life.
Methods:
The Ghana Randomized Air Pollution and Health Study enrolled
n
=
1,414
pregnant women at
≤
24
wk
gestation from Kintampo, Ghana, and randomized them to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), improved biomass, or open fire (control) stoves. We quantified HAP exposure by repeated, personal prenatal and postnatal carbon monoxide (CO) and, in a subset, fine particulate matter [PM with an aerodynamic diameter of
≤
2.5
μ
m
(
PM
2.5
)
