摘要：Highlights•We developed an improved Life-Cycle Assessment framework for carbon footprint evaluation.•The LCA frameworks can identify the life-cycle boundaries of household activities.•The improved LCA framework helps identify specific producing and consuming activities of rural households.•The LCA framework enables a comprehensive and relatively precise assessment of carbon footprint at household level.AbstractThis paper presents the development of a life-cycle assessment (LCA) framework for quantifying the carbon footprint of individual households based on detailed household survey data. According to household consumption and production patterns, the comprehensive life-cycle assessment framework is designed with clarified life-cycle boundaries. The framework covers eight types of specific living activities of rural households generated from a large-scale household survey in the Three Gorges Reservoir area in China. Both carbon emissions and carbon sequestrations of households’ consumption and production activities can be assessed, and eventually the integrative carbon footprint is evaluated. The LCA framework enables comprehensive and relatively precise assessment of carbon footprint at a household level and thus adds value to studies in the fields of carbon emission reduction, carbon neutrality and climate policies.Graphical abstractDisplay Omitted
关键词：Life-cycle approach;Carbon emission;Carbon sequestration;Household livelihood;Livelihood transition;Rural areas
